![]() ![]() 2–2, Waterways Experiment Station, Coastal Engineering Research Centre, Vicksburg, MS Hudson RY (1958) Design of quarry stone cover layer for rubble-mound breakwaters. Ībaei M, Abbassi R, Garaniya V, Chai S, Khan F (2018) Reliability assessment of marine floating structures using Bayesian network. Galiatsatou P, Makris C, Prinos P (2018) Optimized reliability based upgrading of rubble-mound breakwaters in a changing climate. Īlises A, Molina R, Gomez R, Pery P, Castillo C (2014) Overtopping hazards to port activities: application of a new methodology to risk management (POrt Risk MAnagement Tool). Lee CE, Kim G, Kim SU (2013) Stochastic reliability analysis of armor units of rubble-mound breakwaters under the multiple loads. Kim SW, Suh KD (2011) Evaluation of target reliability indices and partial safety factors for sliding of caisson breakwaters. Kim SW, Suh KD (2010) Reliability analysis of breakwater armor blocks: case study in Korea. Kim DH, Park WS (2005) Neural network for design and reliability analysis of rubble-mound breakwaters. Coast Eng 44(4):321–341Įrgin A, Balas CE (2002) Reliability-based risk assessment of rubble-mound breakwaters under tsunami attack. Suh KD, Kweon HM, Yoon HD (2002) Reliability design of breakwater armor blocks considering wave direction in computation of wave transformation. In: Proceedings of the 25th international conference on coastal engineering, American Society of Civil Engineering, Orlando, pp 1665–1678 Hanzawa M, Sato H, Takahashi S, Shimosako K, Takayama T, Tanimoto K (1996) New stability formula for wave-dissipating concrete blocks covering horizontally composite breakwaters. In: Proceedings of the conference on coastal structures and breakwaters, Institute of Civil Engineering, London, pp 543–565 Coast Eng 14:43–56īurcharth HF (1991) Introduction of partial coefficient in the design of rubble-mound breakwaters. Ronold KO (1990) Reliability analysis of a coastal dike. Van der Meer JW (1988) Deterministic and probabilistic design of breakwater armor layers. In: Proceedings of 19th conference on coastal engineering, Houston, Texas. Mol A, Groeneveld RL, Waanders AJ (1984) Safety and reliability of breakwaters. Nowak AS, Collins KR (2000) Reliability of structures. dissertationĮtemad-Shahidi A, Bali M (2012) Stability of rubble-mound breakwater using H50 wave height parameter. The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology, Ph.D. Van der Meer JW (1988a) Rock slopes and gravel beaches under wave attack. Moreover, by increasing the breakwater life span from 50 to 100 years, the armor weight increases only by about 10%. Results showed that the stable armor weight to maintain a probability of failure equal to 0.005 placed on a breakwater with 50-year life span under a 100-year design storm condition in the Caspian Sea is about 24.28 ton. Finally, the presented case study in this article addressed the use of this method in the design of armor weight for a breakwater constructed in the southern part of the Caspian Sea. Results of sensitivity analysis showed that the most critical parameters affecting the reliability of armor weight are wave height and dimensionless damage level. Based on this method, armor weight could be computed according to any desired reliability level and breakwater life span. Moreover, the correlations between breakwater life span, its probability of failure and stable armor weight were also considered in the analysis. The effect of different sources of uncertainties in determining effective parameters such as wave height, wave period, water-level changes and armor density was introduced and applied in calculating rock armors weight. This study proposed a reliability-based framework for estimating the rock armors weight based on the probabilistic analysis. The inherent uncertainties in these parameters necessitate reliability analysis to ensure the stability of the breakwaters. However, the armor layer’s damage mechanism is very complicated so that there are many uncertainties in the estimation of different parameters in armor design. Predicting the stability of armor blocks placed on breakwaters is one of the main challenges in coastal and ocean engineering. ![]()
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